{"id":1440,"date":"2020-11-20T13:03:08","date_gmt":"2020-11-20T11:03:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/saptamina.md\/?p=1440"},"modified":"2020-11-20T13:03:08","modified_gmt":"2020-11-20T11:03:08","slug":"imunitatea-celulara-impotriva-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/2020\/11\/20\/imunitatea-celulara-impotriva-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Imunitatea celular\u0103 \u00eempotriva COVID-19"},"content":{"rendered":"

Imunitatea celular\u0103 (celulelor T) \u00eempotriva virusului care cauzeaz\u0103 COVID-19 este cel mai probabil prezent\u0103 la majoritatea adul\u021bilor timp de \u0219ase luni dup\u0103 infectarea ini\u021bial\u0103, nivelurile fiind mai ridicate \u00een cazul pacien\u021bilor care prezint\u0103 simptome, un nou studiu sugereaz\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Noile date ofer\u0103 o alt\u0103 pies\u0103 din puzzle care ar putea fi cheia \u00een\u021belegerii modului \u00een care infec\u021biile anterioare cu SARS-CoV-2 pot preveni reinfectarea \u0219i pentru c\u00eet timp.<\/p>\n

Studiul, coordonat de cercet\u0103tori din Marea Britanie, a analizat 100 de angaja\u021bi medicali care nu au fost interna\u021bi \u00een spital \u00een martie \u0219i aprilie dup\u0103 ce reac\u021bii ale anticorpilor au fost descoperite \u00een organismul lor. Cercet\u0103rile \u00eenc\u0103 a\u0219teapt\u0103 s\u0103 fie confirmate \u0219i de al\u021bi exper\u021bi. Datele ar putea reprezenta majoritatea cazurilor de COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Acesta este primul studiu care ofer\u0103 date despre nivelurile celulelor T dup\u0103 \u0219ase luni de la infectare \u00een cazul oamenilor cu o form\u0103 de boal\u0103 u\u0219oar\u0103 sau asimptomatic\u0103, datele put\u00eend cel mai probabil s\u0103 reprezinte majoritatea cazurilor de COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Studiile anterioare au sugerat c\u0103 nivelurile de anticorpi pot sc\u0103dea \u00een primele c\u00eeteva luni de dup\u0103 infectare.<\/p>\n

Datele publicate de la un sondaj din august asupra 100.000 de persoane au indicat c\u0103 6% din popula\u021bia Angliei avea anticorpi, proteinele produse ca reac\u021bie la infec\u021bie, \u00eens\u0103 nivelurile de anticorpi au sc\u0103zut cu mai mult de o p\u0103trime \u00een decurs de trei luni, au dezv\u0103luit cercet\u0103torii la sf\u00eer\u0219itul lunii octombrie.<\/p>\n

Imediat ce virusul intr\u0103 \u00een corp, o varietate de celule lanseaz\u0103 un contraatac rapid, amplu \u0219i general. Acest a\u0219a-numit sistem imunitar \u00eenn\u0103scut este menit s\u0103 opreasc\u0103 infec\u021bia \u00eenainte s\u0103 se r\u0103sp\u00eendeasc\u0103. Dac\u0103 misiunea e\u0219ueaz\u0103, organismul c\u00ee\u0219tig\u0103 timp p\u00een\u0103 c\u00eend \u201eexper\u021bii\u201d ajung la fa\u021ba locului.<\/p>\n

Ace\u0219ti exper\u021bi s\u00eent compu\u0219i din dou\u0103 tipuri de celule albe, anume celule B \u0219i T, care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca ni\u0219te \u201eadev\u0103ra\u021bi camarazi\u201d. Dac\u0103 virusul trece de primul atac, unele celule T s\u00eent capabile s\u0103 distrug\u0103 celule respiratoare pe care patogenul le-a colonizat.<\/p>\n

\u00centre timp, celulele T ajut\u0103toare preiau un rol de sprijin, inclusiv stimul\u00eend celulele B s\u0103 produc\u0103 molecule numite anticorpi care imobilizeaz\u0103 virusul sau \u00eel opre\u0219te \u00eenainte s\u0103 penetreze \u0219i alte celule. Sistemul este capabil \u0219i s\u0103 \u021bin\u0103 minte, \u00eens\u0103, \u00een cazul COVID-19, nu este clar pentru c\u00eet de mult timp.<\/p>\n

\u00cen urma unei monitoriz\u0103ri de \u0219ase luni, cercet\u0103torii au descoperit c\u0103 fiecare persoan\u0103 avea niveluri detectabile de celule T, iar nivelurile erau cu 50% mai crescute \u00een cazul oamenilor care au prezentat simptome \u00een timpul infec\u021biei.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru ar putea \u00eensemna c\u0103 oamenii cu o form\u0103 ini\u021bial\u0103 de boal\u0103 mai sever\u0103 ar putea fi mai proteja\u021bi sau c\u0103 oamenii asimptomatici s\u00eent capabili s\u0103 controleze virusul cu niveluri mai sc\u0103zute de celule T.<\/p>\n

Totodat\u0103, \u00een timpul studiului, unii oameni \u0219i-au pierdut nivelurile detectabile de anticorpi. Totu\u0219i, acest lucru nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 celulele B, care produc anticorpi, nu erau preg\u0103tite ac\u021bioneze din nou dac\u0103 era nevoie, au explicat oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Imunitatea celular\u0103 (celulelor T) \u00eempotriva virusului care cauzeaz\u0103 COVID-19 este cel mai probabil prezent\u0103 la…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":"","thumbnail":"","medium":"","medium_large":"","large":"","1536x1536":"","2048x2048":"","covernews-slider-full":"","covernews-slider-center":"","covernews-featured":"","covernews-medium":"","covernews-medium-square":""},"author_info":{"display_name":"SAPTAMANA.md","author_link":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/author\/saptamana-md\/"},"category_info":"Coronavirus<\/a>","tag_info":"Coronavirus","comment_count":"0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1440"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1440"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1440\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1440"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1440"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}