{"id":3906,"date":"2023-09-08T07:20:45","date_gmt":"2023-09-08T07:20:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/?p=3906"},"modified":"2023-09-18T19:13:58","modified_gmt":"2023-09-18T19:13:58","slug":"academician-ioan-aurel-pop-presedintele-academiei-romane-eugeniu-coseriu-despre-locul-limbii-romane-vechi-intre-limbile-romanice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/2023\/09\/08\/academician-ioan-aurel-pop-presedintele-academiei-romane-eugeniu-coseriu-despre-locul-limbii-romane-vechi-intre-limbile-romanice\/","title":{"rendered":"Academician Ioan-Aurel POP, pre\u0219edintele Academiei Rom\u00e2ne. Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu despre locul limbii rom\u00e2ne vechi \u00eentre limbile romanice"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu sau Eugenio Coseriu (1921-2002), membru de onoare al Academiei Rom\u00e2ne, a fost unul dintre cei mai mari lingvi\u0219ti ai secolului al XX-lea pe plan mondial. Este fondatorul primei \u0219coli lingvistice din America de Sud \u0219i al \u0218colii lingvistice de la T\u00fcbingen, considerat p\u0103rintele a ceea ce azi se nume\u0219te lingvistica integral\u0103. A f\u0103cut liceul la B\u0103l\u021bi \u0219i studiile superioare la universit\u0103\u021bile din Ia\u0219i, Roma \u0219i Milano. A predat la Universitatea Republicii Uruguay din Montevideo, a fost profesor-invitat \u0219i la Universitatea din Bonn, iar apoi, p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul vie\u021bii, a fost profesor la Universitatea din T\u00fcbingen. A fost Doctor Honoris Causa a aproape 50 de universit\u0103\u021bi din \u00eentreaga lume.<\/p>\n<p>Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu a r\u0103mas \u00een plan universal ca un teoretician al lingvisticii, interpretate \u00een cheie modern\u0103 \u0219i mai pu\u021bin ca un specialist \u00een domeniul limbii rom\u00e2ne. \u0218i totu\u0219i, obligat de regimurile comuniste s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 se afirme profesional \u00een afara spa\u021biului rom\u00e2nesc, nu a l\u0103sat niciodat\u0103 complet deoparte studiul limbii sale materne. \u00cen peregrin\u0103rile sale prin Occident \u0219i America Latin\u0103, savantul s-a lovit de multe ori de prejudec\u0103\u021bile, de cli\u0219eele, de erorile privind interpretarea limbii rom\u00e2ne. I-a fost dat s\u0103 vad\u0103, la unele universit\u0103\u021bi, plasarea rom\u00e2nei la catedrele de limbi slave, fapt datorat ignoran\u021bei \u0219i politicii deopotriv\u0103. Unor deciden\u021bi universitari le venea greu s\u0103 cread\u0103 c\u0103 rom\u00e2nii, a\u0219eza\u021bi geografic \u00eentr-o \u201emare slav\u0103\u201d, ar putea s\u0103 fie altceva dec\u00e2t tot un fel de slavi. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, propaganda sovietic\u0103 lucrase intens, mai ales dup\u0103 al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial. Fusese un timp, \u00een anii proletcultismului \u0219i ai dictaturii proletariatului, c\u00e2nd trupele sovietice \u0219i consilierii sovietici decideau totul, c\u00e2nd, chiar \u0219i \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, romanitatea rom\u00e2nilor \u0219i latinitatea limbii erau obturate, ascunse, ignorate voit. \u00cen plus, dup\u0103 apari\u021bia \u201eteoriei imigra\u021bioniste\u201d la finele secolului al XVIII-lea\u00a0 (\u00een principal prin Johann Christian von Engel), reluate cu un arsenal modern la finele secolului al XIX-lea (\u00een principal prin Eduard Robert Roesler), se impusese \u00een unele cercuri \u0219tiin\u021bifice ideea c\u0103 rom\u00e2na era \u201eo limb\u0103 balcanic\u0103\u201d nedefinit\u0103, amestecat\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 personalitate. Cea mai grav\u0103 acuz\u0103, care l-a marcat profund pe Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu, a fost aceea c\u0103 limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u201es-a latinizat\u201d ori \u201ere-latinizat\u201d abia \u00een Epoca Modern\u0103, prin eforturile artificiale ale reprezentan\u021bilor \u0218colii Ardelene \u0219i ale epigonilor lor etimologi\u0219ti. Asemenea \u201esus\u021bineri\u201d se mai aud \u0219i azi \u00een anumite medii intelectuale ungare \u0219i austriece politizate, ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 ideile de acest fel, \u00een ciuda eviden\u021bei, au f\u0103cut carier\u0103. De aceea, lingvistul rom\u00e2n a elaborat \u00eentre anii 1975-1980 o serie de studii despre istoria cunoa\u0219terii limbii rom\u00e2ne \u00een Occident \u00een secolele al XVI-lea, al XVII-lea \u0219i chiar al XVIII-lea, dar \u00eenainte de afirmarea curentului iluminist al \u0218colii Ardelene.<\/p>\n<p>Pe fondul acestor idei stranii \u2013 cele mai multe cu r\u0103d\u0103cini politice \u2013 Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu a dovedit c\u0103 au existat \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba\u021bi care au inclus rom\u00e2na \u00eentre limbile romanice \u00eenc\u0103 din secolul al XVI-lea. Unul dintre ace\u0219tia a fost Gilbert Genebrard, cu numele latinizat <em>Genebrardus<\/em> sau <em>Genibrardus<\/em> (cca. 1537-1597). Acest c\u0103lug\u0103r benedictin din Auvergne, ajuns profesor la College Royal din Paris \u0219i mare erudit, \u00een cartea sa <em>Cosmographia<\/em>, dedicat\u0103 originii \u0219i diversit\u0103\u021bii limbilor (publicat\u0103 \u00een 1580), avea s\u0103 constate: \u201eEbraica este limba originar\u0103 a omenirii\u201d, iar \u201elatina &lt;este matricea&gt; italienei, rom\u00e2nei, francezei \u0219i spaniolei\u201d (<em>Latina Italicae, Valachicae, Gallicae &amp; Hispanicae<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a>. El trebuie s\u0103 fi de\u021binut informa\u021biile despre limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 din lucr\u0103rile unor umani\u0219ti italieni \u0219i din cosmografiile de epoc\u0103; chiar \u0219i a\u0219a, Genebrard confer\u0103 un nou sens, prin enumerarea pe care o face, informa\u021biilor respective<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Andr\u00e9s de Poza sau, \u00een grafia epocii sale, Po\u00e7a (cca. 1530-1595), avocat din Bilbao, profesor de naviga\u021bie la San Sebastian, \u00een lucrarea sa \u201eDespre antica limb\u0103, popula\u021biile \u0219i diviziunile teritoriale ale Spaniilor &#8230;\u201d (<em>De la antigua lengua, poblaciones, y comarcas de las Espa\u00f1as \u2026<\/em>), Bilbao, 1587, scrie: \u201eDin limba latin\u0103 au rezultat limbile na\u021bionale care acum se folosesc \u00een Italia, Spania, Fran\u021ba \u0219i \u021aara Rom\u00e2neasc\u0103\u201d (<em>De la lengua latina han resultado las generales che ahora se usan en Italia, Espa\u00f1a, Francia y Vvalachia<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a>. Dup\u0103 textul spaniol, \u00een lucrarea lui Poza urmeaz\u0103 un fel de rezumat \u00een latin\u0103, unde se spune c\u0103 romanii \u0219i-au impus limba lor \u00een \u00eentreg cuprinsul Imperiului, cu excep\u021bia Greciei \u0219i a Cantabriei: \u201eAstfel valahii, zi\u0219i a\u0219a de la comandantul militar Flaccus, av\u00e2ndu-i acum la miaz\u0103noapte pe ruteni \u0219i Dun\u0103rea la miaz\u0103zi, p\u0103streaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 acum evidente m\u0103rturii ale limbii latine, de\u0219i a\u0219a de schimbat\u0103 \u00eenc\u00e2t cu dificultate un italic l-ar \u00een\u021belege pe un valah\u201d (<em>Sic Vvalacchi a Flacco Romani exercit[us] duce sic dicti nunc Rutheniam habent[es] a Septentrione et Danubium a Meridie, Latinae adhuc linguae vestigia habent manifesta etsi tam immutata ut cum difficultate Italus Vvalacchum intelligat<\/em>\u201d)<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>La ambii autori de mai sus, rom\u00e2na apare ca limb\u0103 romanic\u0103 de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare, al\u0103turi de italian\u0103, spaniol\u0103 \u0219i francez\u0103 \u0219i nu doar ca o form\u0103 a romanicei care s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi explicat\u0103 prin alta. Sunt primele texte cunoscute \u00een care i se recunoa\u0219te rom\u00e2nei aceast\u0103 pozi\u021bie. Rom\u00e2na este plasat\u0103 de Poza \u00eentre \u201elimbile na\u021bionale\u201d sau principale (<em>lengua general<\/em>) \u0219i nu \u00eentre cele derivate (locale). Originea latin\u0103 a rom\u00e2nei, ca \u0219i asem\u0103narea cu italiana erau demult cunoscute autorilor italieni, umani\u0219tilor din Peninsul\u0103, dar, tot datorit\u0103 lor, rom\u00e2na ap\u0103rea \u0219i ca o form\u0103 aberant\u0103 a italienei<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\"><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Elve\u021bianul Conrad Gesner (1516-1565), \u00een lucrarea sa \u201eMithridates. Despre diferen\u021bele dintre limbi &#8230;\u201d (<em>Mithridates. De differentiis linguarum \u2026<\/em>), afirm\u0103 c\u0103 doar trei limbi romanice sunt de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare, anume <em>Italica<\/em>, <em>Hispanica<\/em> \u0219i <em>Gallica<\/em> (adic\u0103 italiana, spaniola \u0219i franceza). Despre rom\u00e2n\u0103 spune c\u0103 \u201eeste tot grai romanic (dup\u0103 cum atest\u0103 Enea Silvio Piccolomini, devenit papa Pius al II-lea), dar \u00een mare parte schimbat \u0219i greu inteligibil pentru un om italic\u201d (<em>Valachis etiam Romanus est sermo (ut Aen. Pius refert), sed magna ex parte mutatus et homini Italico vix intelligibis<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>. Prin urmare, la Gesner, rom\u00e2na este o limb\u0103 romanic\u0103, dar derivat\u0103 din italian\u0103, \u0219i nu o limb\u0103 de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare.<\/p>\n<p>Abia francezul Claude Duret (1570-1611), \u00een lucrarea ap\u0103rut\u0103 postum \u201eTezaurul istoriei limbilor &#8230;\u201d (<em>Tresor de l\u2019Histoire des Langues \u2026<\/em>), traduce \u00een francez\u0103 pasajul citat din Genebrard, plas\u00e2nd astfel \u0219i rom\u00e2na al\u0103turi de italian\u0103, spaniol\u0103 \u0219i francez\u0103<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\"><sup>[7]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Sunt apoi aminti\u021bi al\u021bi autori de dup\u0103 1600 care plaseaz\u0103 rom\u00e2na \u00eentre limbile romanice, al\u0103turi de italian\u0103, spaniol\u0103, francez\u0103 etc.: germanul Martin Opitz (1597-1639), care zice chiar c\u0103 rom\u00e2na este mai apropiat\u0103 de latin\u0103 dec\u00e2t italiana, franceza \u0219i spaniola<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a>; englezul Stephen Skinner (1623-1667), care afirm\u0103 c\u0103 din \u201emama latin\u0103\u201d (<em>matrix Latina<\/em>) derivau \u201eitaliana, spaniola, franceza \u0219i rom\u00e2na\u201d<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a>; suedezul Georg Stiernhielm (1598-1672), sus\u021bin\u0103tor \u0219i el al plas\u0103rii rom\u00e2nei printre limbile romanice<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>; Georgius-Caspar Kirchmajer 1635-1700), care se inspir\u0103 de la Stiernhielm<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>; germanul Andreas M\u00fcller alias L\u00fcdeken (1630-1694), care, \u00een culegerea sa de variante ale \u201eTat\u0103lui nostru\u201d (<em>Oratio orationum \u2026 <\/em>= \u201eCuv\u00e2ntarea cuv\u00e2nt\u0103rilor &#8230;\u201d), include \u0219i rom\u00e2na \u00eentre \u201eml\u0103di\u021bele\u201d sau \u201efiicele\u201d (<em>propagines<\/em>) latinei<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru c\u0103 lucr\u0103rile lui Genebrard \u0219i Poza sunt timpurii \u0219i deschid orientarea \u2013 neatestat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci \u00eentre lingvi\u0219ti \u2013 de a\u0219ezare a limbii rom\u00e2ne \u00eentre limbile romanice, autorul rom\u00e2n se \u00eentreb\u0103 care vor fi fost sursele lor<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a>. Pentru Genebrard, de\u0219i Pierre Sergent sus\u021binuse la 1543 c\u0103 rom\u00e2nii \u201efoloseau limbajul roman\u201d, izvoarele ar fi putut s\u0103 fie umani\u0219tii italieni \u0219i anumite cosmografii de epoc\u0103. La Poza, sursele de informa\u021bie \u00eei par lui Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu \u0219i mai complexe. Dar, independent de aceste ipoteze, cei doi \u2013 Genebrard \u0219i Poza \u2013 sunt primii autori cunoscu\u021bi care, enumer\u00e2nd limbile romanice, stabilesc locul rom\u00e2nei \u00eentre aceste limbi. Iar faptul acesta a fost stabilit de Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu.<\/p>\n<p>Lingvistul rom\u00e2n a mai f\u0103cut o \u00eendreptare \u0219i o descoperire important\u0103, ignorat\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 de mul\u021bi \u0219i legat\u0103 de opera lui Andreas M\u00fcller. Textul \u201eTat\u0103lui nostru\u201d rom\u00e2nesc se afl\u0103 la acest autor printre versiunile latino-romanice, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu cele \u00een latin\u0103, francez\u0103, italian\u0103, friulan\u0103, retoroman\u0103, spaniol\u0103, catalan\u0103, sard\u0103, portughez\u0103, \u0219i anume pe ultimul loc \u00een aceast\u0103 serie. Andreas M\u00fcller se situeaz\u0103 printre autorii vest-europeni care recunosc \u0219i afirm\u0103 latinitatea rom\u00e2nei \u00een secolul al XVII-lea. El o face nu doar tacit, ci \u0219i direct. \u00cen clasificarea limbilor europene (f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 fac\u0103 vreo deosebire \u00eentre limbile na\u021bionale \u0219i dialecte), el distinge o grup\u0103 romanic\u0103 (\u201eLatina \u0219i ml\u0103di\u021bele sau fiicele descendente din ea\u201d = <em>Latina ejusque propagines aut filiae descendentes<\/em>): \u201elatina, franceza, italiana, friulana, retoromana, spaniola, catalana<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>, sarda<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>, portugheza, basca, provensala \u0219i rom\u00e2na\u201d (<em>Latina, Gallica, Italica, Forojuliana, Rhaetica, Hispanica, Sardica ut in oppidis, Sardica ut in pagis, Lusitanica, Bascajna, Berriensis \u0219i Valachica<\/em>)<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a>. Basca e pus\u0103 aici gre\u0219it, probabil din ra\u021biuni geografice<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a>. De altminteri, M\u00fcller mai face o eroare, perpetuat\u0103, \u00een anumite medii, p\u00e2n\u0103 azi: are dou\u0103 versiuni rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti de \u201eTat\u0103l nostru\u201d (una preluat\u0103 dintr-o surs\u0103, iar cealalt\u0103 din alta), iar pe a doua o nume\u0219te vel\u0219\u0103 (din Wales, din Insulele Britanice). Este clar c\u0103 autorul nu cuno\u0219tea nici rom\u00e2na \u0219i nici vel\u0219a \u0219i c\u0103 va fi notat pentru al doilea text prescurtarea Wal., care provenea de la Wallica (adic\u0103 versiunea vel\u0219\u0103) \u0219i nu de la Wallachica (dup\u0103 cum a ar\u0103tat, \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een 1980, Eugen Co\u0219eriu, reactualiz\u00e2nd \u00eendreptarea f\u0103cut\u0103 de Lorenzo Herv\u00e1s \u00eenc\u0103 din 1797 ). \u00cen ciuda acestor clarific\u0103ri, mai sunt \u0219i azi autori care \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 ne conving\u0103, \u00een mod aberant, c\u0103 vel\u0219ii vorbeau\/ vorbesc rom\u00e2ne\u0219te.<\/p>\n<p>O abera\u021bie, legat\u0103 de limba sa matern\u0103, care l-a marcat profund pe Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu a fost inventarea \u201elimbii moldovene\u0219ti\u201d. \u00cen calitate de om de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103, Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu nu a putut s\u0103 nu sus\u021bin\u0103 unitatea limbii rom\u00e2ne. Referindu-se la practicile de \u201epurificare lingvistic\u0103\u201d la care au recurs autorit\u0103\u021bile de la Chi\u0219in\u0103u, promov\u00e2nd ideea existen\u021bei unei limbi moldovene\u0219ti, autorul nostru, \u00een cadrul conferin\u021bei \u201eUnitatea limbii rom\u00e2ne \u2013 cu privire special\u0103 la Basarabia \u0219i Bucovina\u201d, a spus urm\u0103toarele: \u201eA promova sub orice form\u0103 o limb\u0103 moldoveneasc\u0103, deosebit\u0103 de limba rom\u00e2n\u0103, este, din punct de vedere strict lingvistic, ori o gre\u0219eal\u0103 naiv\u0103, ori o fraud\u0103 \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103. Din punct de vedere istoric \u0219i practic, este o absurditate, o utopie \u0219i din punct de vedere politic e o anulare a identit\u0103\u021bii etnice \u0219i culturale a unui popor \u0219i deci un act de genocid etnico-cultural\u201d. \u00cen comunicarea sus\u021binut\u0103 la Congresul al V-lea al Filologilor Rom\u00e2ni (Ia\u0219i-Chi\u0219in\u0103u, 6-9 iunie 1994) Eugen Co\u0219eriu a f\u0103cut o prezentare general\u0103 a tipologiei limbilor romanice, oprindu-se asupra locului limbii rom\u00e2ne printre limbile romanice \u0219i st\u0103rii actuale a dialectului dacorom\u00e2n. \u00centr-o alt\u0103 comunicare, prezentat\u0103 la sesiunea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 \u201eLimba rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u0219i variet\u0103\u021bile ei locale\u201d (Bucure\u0219ti, 31 octombrie 1994), lingvistul avea s\u0103 sublinieze ap\u0103sat: \u201eLimb\u0103 a culturii \u0219i limb\u0103 de stat este limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 pentru \u00eentreg spa\u021biul carpato-danubiano-nistrean, adev\u0103r care nu poate submina independen\u021ba Republicii Moldova ca stat, tot a\u0219a cum nu submineaz\u0103 independen\u021ba Australiei, a Canadei sau a Statelor Unite ale Americii recunoa\u0219terea limbii engleze ca limb\u0103 oficial\u0103, de stat, a acestor \u021b\u0103ri\u201d. De asemenea, Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu le-a amintit oponen\u021bilor s\u0103i c\u0103 \u201egrani\u021bele politice nu au coincis \u0219i nici nu pot coincide cu cele lingvistice\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Cel care scria versuri \u00een rom\u00e2n\u0103, proz\u0103 \u00een italian\u0103 \u0219i studii de lingvistic\u0103 \u00een spaniol\u0103, francez\u0103 \u0219i german\u0103, cel care a elaborat \u201eLec\u021bii de lingvistic\u0103 general\u0103\u201d, cel care \u0219i-a iubit mereu \u021bara \u0219i limba, a devenit \u0219i un istoric al limbii rom\u00e2ne. El a reu\u0219it s\u0103 spulbere cu dovezi zdrobitoare aser\u021biunea privind latinizarea sau relatinizarea limbii rom\u00e2ne \u00een Epoca Modern\u0103, mai ales secolul al XVIII-lea, \u00een urma ac\u021biunii \u0218colii Ardelene. De asemenea, prin m\u0103rturiile privitoare la plasarea limbii rom\u00e2ne \u00eentre limbile romanice de c\u0103tre lumea savant\u0103 european\u0103, \u00eenc\u0103 din secolul al XVI-lea, devin caduce toate \u00eencerc\u0103rile de catalogare a limbii rom\u00e2ne ca \u201elimb\u0103 balcanic\u0103\u201d, \u00eencepute \u00eenc\u0103 din perioada mi\u0219c\u0103rii de emancipare na\u021bional\u0103 a rom\u00e2nilor din Transilvania. Savantul Eugen Co\u0219eriu a jucat un rol decisiv \u0219i \u00een semnalarea vechilor variante ale rug\u0103ciunii \u201eTat\u0103l nostru\u201d \u00een rom\u00e2ne\u0219te, unele dintre ele scrise, \u00eenc\u0103 din secolele modernit\u0103\u021bii timpurii, cu litere latine. Cu astfel de contribu\u021bii, basarabeanul \u0219i europeanul Eugen Co\u0219eriu se \u00eenscrie \u00een r\u00e2ndul celor mai mari lingvi\u0219ti rom\u00e2ni din toate timpurile.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 11-12.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> <em>Ibidem<\/em>, p. 17.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Andr\u00e9s de Po\u00e7a, <em>De la antigua lengua, poblaciones, y comarcas de las Espa\u00f1as, en que de paso se tocan algunas cosas de la Cantabria<\/em>, Bilbao, 1587, fol. 13, apud A. Armbruster, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 137, nota 173. E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 12 sqq.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Vasile Bogrea, <em>Men\u021biuni umaniste despre noi<\/em>, \u00een \u201eAnuarul Institutului de istorie na\u021bional\u0103\u201d, I, 1921-1922, p. 363. A. Armbruster, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 137. E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 13.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 14.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> Conrad Gesner, <em>Mithridates. De differentiis linguarum tum veterum que hodie apud diversas nationes in toto orbe terrarum in usu sunt<\/em>, Z\u00fcrich, 1555, p. 57v. E. Coseriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 14. A. Armbruster, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p.106, nota 79.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Claude Duret, <em>Tresor de l\u2019Histoire des Langues de cest Univers\u2026<\/em>, Cologny, 1613, p. 269. E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 15.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Martin Opitz, <em>Zlatna, oder von Ruhe des Gem\u00fcths<\/em>, Leignitz, 1623. M. Opitz, <em>Teutsche Poemata<\/em>, edi\u021bie de G. Witkowski, Halle a. S., 1902, p. V, XLIII.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 15.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> Georg Stiernhielm, <em>D. N. Jesu Christi SS. Evangelia ab Ulfila Gothorum in Moesia Episcopo\u2026 ex Graeco Gothic\u00e8 translata\u2026<\/em>, Stockholm, 1671. E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 15, p. 26, notele 28 \u0219i 29.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 15-16.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> Thomas L\u00fcdeken, <em>Oratio orationum, SS. Orationis Dominicae Versiones praeter Authenticam fer\u00e8 Centum<\/em>, Berlin, 1680, p. 3.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 17-18.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u201eSarda ca la ora\u0219e\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u201eSarda ca la sate\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 16, 26-27, notele 31-32.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> La p. 38 a lucr\u0103rii sale, M\u00fcller alias L\u00fcdeken reproduce un \u201eTat\u0103l nostru\u201d rom\u00e2nesc numit \u00een mod corect \u201evalah\u201d (<em>Valachica versio<\/em>), pentru a prelua \u00eens\u0103 \u0219i textul rom\u00e2nesc al aceleia\u0219i rug\u0103ciuni de la Stiernhielm, numit, \u00een mod inexplicabil, \u201evel\u0219\u201d (<em>Wallica versio<\/em>). Vezi E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 16. Totu\u0219i, o anumit\u0103 explica\u021bie s-ar putea \u00eencerca: Andreas M\u00fcller \u2013 destul de superficial \u00een unele demersuri ale sale \u2013 a confundat forma <em>Wallica <\/em>(\u201eVel\u0219\u0103\u201d) cu <em>Wallachica <\/em>(\u201eValah\u0103\u201d), uit\u00e2nd c\u0103, \u00een aceea\u0219i lucrare, un \u201eTat\u0103l nostru\u201d rom\u00e2nesc era deja inclus. Mul\u021bi autori au perpetuat eroarea aceasta p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi, de\u0219i Lorenzo Herv\u00e1s a \u00eendreptat-o la 1797 (E. Co\u0219eriu, <em>op. cit.<\/em>, p. 27, nota 32). \u00cenc\u0103, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, pornind de la aceast\u0103 eroare, se mai scrie c\u0103 rom\u00e2na este identic\u0103 ori foarte asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu limba vel\u0219\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eugeniu Co\u0219eriu sau Eugenio Coseriu (1921-2002), membru de onoare al Academiei Rom\u00e2ne, a fost unul&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3907,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"featured_image_urls":{"full":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop-300x184.jpg",300,184,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop-768x470.jpg",640,392,true],"large":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",640,392,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"covernews-slider-full":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"covernews-slider-center":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"covernews-featured":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop.jpg",791,484,false],"covernews-medium":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop-540x340.jpg",540,340,true],"covernews-medium-square":["https:\/\/saptamana.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/ioan-aurel-pop-400x250.jpg",400,250,true]},"author_info":{"display_name":"Constantin Olteanu","author_link":"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/author\/constantin-olteanu\/"},"category_info":"<a href=\"https:\/\/saptamana.md\/index.php\/category\/actualitate-aici-si-acum\/\" rel=\"category tag\">Actualitate. 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